Nowadays, people are highly concerned about the effects of high voltage transmission lines on their health. Probable risk for leukemia, breast cancer, neuropsychological disorders and reproductive outcomes has been reported due to this exposure. In this study, several measurements around different areas such as overhead transmission lines, GIS compartments and some appliances have been conducted and compared with the standard tolerances. The emphasis of this research is on high voltage substations and publics. Field magnitudes above 10kV/m have been measured under wires. Results show that there is no serious concern for the people living near the transmission lines but for the individuals who are beneath those lines for long. Recent achievements about electric FIELDS’ effect on human health are reviewed in the present paper. In a case study, three types of 230kV structures are analyzed and the best phase arrangement for reducing the electric and magnetic FIELDS is determined (the circular arrangement). It is concluded that the most effective solution is for the governments to use the best phase arrangement and replace outdoor substations with GIS to reduce the radiations and for the people to be near the high voltage overhead lines as rarely as possible.

The distribution function of the electrons produced in the interaction between an intense ELECTROMAGNETIC wave and a neutral gas is derived and is shown to be nonequilibrium and anisotropic. By assuming that the time scale of gas ionization is much greater than the field period, it is shown that the electron distribution function formed in microwave and optical discharges has sharp anisotropy affecting the discharge plasma. The anisotropy stimulated by the inequality of average longitudinal and transverse energy of electrons is investigated. Furthermore, the parametric instability stimulated by scattering of incident wave on the density oscillation of plasma under the positive slope of EDF with respect to velocity is studied.